Design and synthesis of pyridine-pyrazolopyridine-based inhibitors of protein kinase B/Akt

Bioorg Med Chem. 2007 Mar 15;15(6):2441-52. doi: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.01.010. Epub 2007 Jan 17.

Abstract

Thr-211 is one of three different amino acid residues in the kinase domain of protein kinase B/Akt as compared to protein kinase A (PKA), a closely related analog in the same AGC family. In an attempt to improve the potency and selectivity of our indazole-pyridine series of Akt inhibitors over PKA, efforts have focused on the incorporation of a chemical functionality to interact with the hydroxy group of Thr-211. Several substituents including an oxygen anion, amino, and nitro groups have been introduced at the C-6 position of the indazole scaffold, leading to a significant drop in Akt potency. Incorporation of a nitrogen atom into the phenyl ring at the same position (i.e., 9f) maintained the Akt activity and, in some cases, improved the selectivity over PKA. The structure-activity relationships of the new pyridine-pyrazolopyridine series of Akt inhibitors and their structural features when bound to PKA are also discussed.

MeSH terms

  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Pyrazoles / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyrazoles / chemistry
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology
  • Pyridines / chemical synthesis*
  • Pyridines / chemistry
  • Pyridines / pharmacology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured / drug effects

Substances

  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyridines
  • pyrazolopyridine
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • pyridine